Assessment and Key Findings of the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning System for the National Adaptation Plan Process in Bhutan

The Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources is Bhutan’s lead government agency responsible for the sustainable management and development of the country’s energy, water, forests, geological resources, environment, and climate change.

Following the launch of Bhutan’s first National Adaptation Plan (NAP) in 2023, which addresses climate vulnerabilities across seven priority sectors—water, agriculture, forests and biodiversity, human settlements, energy, health, and disaster risk reduction—this report assesses the country’s monitoring, evaluation, and learning (MEL) system. It identifies existing gaps and provides recommendations for building a more coordinated national MEL system to support effective adaptation implementation, informed decision-making, and international reporting under frameworks such as the Paris Agreement.